Wrench



: June 9. 1925. 1,541,224

- J. w. AougsH "WRENCH Filed Nov; 8. 1923 '3 Sheets-Sheet June 9, 1925.

J; W. KAOUGH WRENCH Filed Nov. 8. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 314 001"? oz INK/$190 6? June 9, 1925. J. w. KAOUGH WRENCH Shets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 8, 1923 ill a 1 ing drawings, in

. Patented June 9, 1925. i

UNITED .STAT-E JOSEPH w. maven, or DALLAS,

rnxas, xs'srenon 'ro THE GUIBERSON coaroRa-f 'TION, OF.DALLA S, TEXAS, A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

Application filed November To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosErH W. KAoUcH, citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and v State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in- Wrenches,-. of which the following is a specification.- This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wrenches.

The invention has particularlyito do with that type of wrench'which is designed for use on pipes, well casing and tool joints or other cylindrical objects which are used in a perpendicular position. 1' 1 Afurther object isto provide-certain im-v provements ,on my application filed December 2, 1922, Serial No. 604,595, and to fur-- ther exemplify the invention disclosed in said application.

A articular object of the invention is to provlde a pair of jaws arranged in an improved manner to close'and grip the article when brought into contact therewith.

Another object is to provideclosing fingers on one of the jaws in place of the knuckle joint disclosed in the aforesaid ap-' plication, and to eliminate thehandle slots. A still further object is toxprovide jaw slips for engaging smaller diameters with- ..out changing-the jaws. Andther feature'resides in an improved.

selfacting latch arranged for convenientoperation. A constructiondesigned to-carry out the invention will be hereinafter described, to

ther with other features of the invention. i The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompan which an example of' t, e invention is shown, and wherein: Fig. 1 is a plan view of a wrench con- "structed in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, Fig. 3 is a detail of the latching means, I Fig. 4 is a sectional view on theline of 44ofFig.1, Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of a modification,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view of another 'modification, and

Fig. 7 is an enlarged jaws.

In the drawin the numeral 10 designates view of the head and i i a head having 0 eek plates .11 connected concavity 19 between its 2 p g jar adapted to 8, i923. Serial No. 673,608.

ing through a bushing 18; which latter is confined in an arcuate slot 17' in the jaw. The jaw has a curved face rovidedwitha ies 19', which gives sufiicient clearance for gripping smaller diameters. The gripping jaw has a lug 20 extending forwardly of the ears 16 and journaled in the forked end of an arcu- 21. The jaw 21 is pivoted on a pin 22, mounted in the lug. The general radius of the mner faceof the jaw 21 is substantially the but saidjaw 21also has tween itsdies 23' co-operating with the consame as that of the-jaw 17,

a concavity 23 becavity 19 for -gripping smallerdiameters.

The-free end of the jaw 21 is reduced by 'bevels on each side and enters a converging socket 24 formed. in the end of the'lug 15.. The said end of the jaw has a latch hook 25 which is adapted to ride "into a latch kee' r 26. The keeper straddles the lug 15 an isjournaled on a pin 27 passing therethrough. A yoke handle 28 is provided on the keeper for swinging the same to release the jaw 21. The end of the lug 15 has a concentric face 15' and a transverse pin 29 mounted in the keeper rides over said' face when the keeper is swung The inward or latch1n'gmove-' ment of the keeper is limited by the engage- Y ment of the said pin with a stop shoulder 30 on the lug 15.

Inorder that the latch keeper may be normally held in a latching position with the pin 29in engagement with the. shoulder 30, a yoke spring 31 embraces the lug 15 and has its outer end engaging the keeper, while the sides'are coiled around'the pin 27. The keeper is thus placed under tension and is provided with a transverse bar 32 at its outer end having an under cut face ride onto and restupon the hook 25., It will be noted thatthe socket 24 supports the end of the jaw 21, when'the head is placed horizontally, and prevents sagengage the ging of said jaw as well as guiding the same to a latching position. bufiicient play is provided in the socket to free the bar 32 from the hook 25, when it is desired to unlatch the jaw 21.

()ne of the important improvements in the application resides in fingers 33 formed integral with the jaw 21 and which overlap the cars 16 and the cheek plates 11 of the head. These fingers straddle the head when the clamping jaw is closed. 'hen the jaw is opened these fingers swing into the opening in advance of the gripping jaw 17 and the seatll. lVhen the wrench is moved toward the pipe, the latter term being used generically, the function of the fingers is to pipe, whereby they are swung inwardly. Y

'hen the lingers are swung inward they swing the jaw 21 in behind the pipe and which is received in the seat 14. As the jaw 21 approaches the end of its swing the rounded end of the latch hook 25 rides down the curved face of the bar 32 and displaces the latter outwardly until said hook rides under the bar and the jaw is latched. ()n

the larger diameters the dies 19' and 23 will bite into the surface of the pipe, when the wrench is actuated and by reason of the concavities, the said dies will grip a pipe having a radius, less than that of the seat 11.

The pipe is gripped by swinging the jaw 17 through the seat 14 and for accomplishing this a. cam 31 is mounted between the cheek plates and is positioned to engage the cam face 35 on the inner edge of the jaw 17. The cam is fulcrumed at one side on a pin 36 passing through a hole 37 in the cam and apertures 38 in the cheek plates. -The cam has two holes 37, one on each side of the center of the cam, while the cheek plates have two corresponding sets of apertures 38. By this arrangement the cam can be pivoted on either side in eccentric relation to the face 35, for either right hand or left hand operation.

A handle 39 is attached to the cam and by swinging said handle the cam is'swung, whereby the jaw 17 is displaced through the seat ll into clamping engagement with the pipe, the pin 22 becoming the fulcrum. A coiled spring 40 extending through the web 12 is attached to the jaw 17 and has its opposite end secured to a button 41 on the outside of the web. This spring acts to pull the jaw away from the pipe and into contact with the cam. The cam has a rolling action. on the face 35 and in order that the jaw 17 may move circumferentially of the" pipe in taking its bite, the slot 17' and the bushing 18' are provided. For holding the jaw 17 in a normal position within the seat 14 and permitting a limited free movement of the cam, the spring 40 co-operates with a seat 14 and the jaw 21, whereby a wide range of diameters may be \vorkedon. The

pin 2:! is the fulcrum on which both jaws swing, although the jaw 17 has a fulcrum movement on the pin 18.

\Vhile the single pin 36 and the duplicate holes 37 are satisfactory any other 'means for cccentrically pivoting the cammay be employed. 'hen placing the wrench on a pipe the jaw 21 is swung outwardly as is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7, whereby the fingers 33 are swung directly into the path of the pipe in advance of the seat 14. 1t is desirable to hold the handle 39 against swinging and while any suitable means may be used for this purpose, I have found a spring latch bolt to give satisfactory results. On the handle is mounted a housing 44 in which a pair of headed bolts 45 are mounted to slide. I

The cheek plate on this side has a stud 46 on its inner end relatively between the bolts. Each bolt has a coiled compression spring 47 confined thereon and bearing against the housing and tending to withdraw the bolts from the path of the stud. An abutment plate 48 is fastened on the handle 39. Each bolt 45 has a hand hook 49 and by grasping either of these, the bolt thereof may be displaced against the ten sion of its spring 47 and caught against the edge of the plate 48, whereby the head of the bolt will be held 1n the path of the stud. By displacing both bolts the head 10 and the handle will be engaged for unitary movement. hen only one of the bolts is displaced the handle is free to swing independentl in one direction only. As is shown in ig. 1 the right handbolt 45 is displaced 'and when the handle is swung to the left the head will also be swung therewith, but when the handle is to the right the head 10 will remain (relatively) stationary and the cam 34 will fulcrum on its pin 36, forcing the jaw 17 into action.

In Fig. 5 a modified form is shown which is adapted for pipes of small diameters- The jaw 17 has a flan e 50 substantially flush with the outer sides of the cheek plates 11 and having an amplified gripping face, the flange swings-against the seat 14. For even smaller diameters a curved shoe 51 may be. concentrically mounted on the face of the flange and fastened with a machine screw 52 entering the jaw 17. A

swung gripping aw of the jaw 21, by a bolt 54. The parts are otherwise substantially the same, except that only a short slot- 17 is required in place of the slot 17; in this form the jaw 17 is pivotedon the bolt 18 the ears 16 are "extended outwardly to receive the pivot bolt 22. The fingers 33 are fastened/to the bolt j engaged by the latch hook, means mounted 22 so'as to swing with the jaw 21.

,In Fig. 6 a furthermodification is illustrated. Here the jaw 21 is provided with the shoe 53, but the flange 50 has a concavity 60 in its face similar to the cavity- 19 of Fig. 1 and the long slot 17' is employed. By this arrangement the flange 50 can be dis placed far toward the-shoe 53 and the'shoe 5-1 is not required. v

It is evident that a number of jaw structures and other modifications and alterations may be worked out within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, is: a

1. Ina wrench, a head having a seat, a gripping 'jaw pivoted to the head and swinging relativelyof said seat, a clamping jaw pivoted to the gripping jaw and swung thereon, fingers carried by the clamping jaw for closing the latter, means carried by the head for fastening the clamping jaw in its closed position, a cam mounted in the head and eccentrically engaging the gripping aw for displacing the same into clampmg engagement with a pipe or the like, and .a handle mounted in the head and connected with the cam.

2. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a pair of curved jaws hinged together, one of said having a slot for' undergoing a sliding movement, closmg fingers carried by the other jaw and projected in advance of the seat when the said jaw is opened, a self1atchkeeper carried by the head and engaged by the jaw carrying the fingers, a handle and means actuated by 'the handle and mounted in the head for displacing the sliding jaw into-engagement with the article gripped by the jaws.

- 3. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a gripping jaw swinging through the seat, a pin carried at one side of the seat in the head, the gripping jaw having a slot through which the pin passes, a lug on the-pivoted end of the gripping jaw extending outwardly from the head, a curved clamping jaw fulcrumed on the lug, a latch hook on the free end of the-clamping jaw, a self-latching keeper mounted on the head and engaged by the latch hook, and means mounted in the head including a handle for displaeing the gripping jaw into gripfping position ind moving it relatively 0 its pivot P v 4. In ahead having a seat, a swinging through the seatya pivoted end of the gripping curved gripping carried by jaws being pivoted in the head and' pin carried at one side of the seat in the head, the gripping jaw having a slot through which the pin passes, a lug on the jaw extending outwardly from-the head,'a curved clamping jaw fulcrumed on the lug, a latch hook on the free end of the clamping jaw, a selflatchi'ng keeper mounted on th headand jaw having a limited sliding movement relative of its fulcrum,.a clamping aw pivoted to the gripping jaw, a jaw closing finger carried'by the clamping jaw, a latch carried bythe head and engaged by the clam ing aw, and means for displacing the gripping jaw to grip an article in the jaws.

6. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a jaw fulcrumed in the head and swinging relativel of the seat, said jaw having a limited sl1ding movement relative of its fulcrum, a clamping jaw pivotedto the gripping jaw, a jaw closing finger carried by the clamping jaw, a latch the head and engaged by the clamping jaw, a cam eccentrically pivoted in the head and engaging the gripping jaw to displace the same, and a handle connected with the cam.

7 -In a wrench, a head comprising spaced cheekplates having a seat, a lug provided on the head on one side of the seat, a pairof ears formed on the head on the other side of the seat, a grippingjaw fulcrumed between the earsand swinging through the seat, a projection on the outer end of the gripping jaw, the gripping .jaw having a slot-at its fulcrum, a clamping jaw having one end pivoted on the projection of the gripping jaw, a closing finger carried by pivoted end of the clamping jaw and normally overlapping the head and ears, a latch'hook on the free end of the clamping jaw, a spring actuated keeper pivoted on the lug'of the head and engaged by the latch hook, a handle, a cam mounted in the head between the cheek plates and connected with the handle, and a; pin mounted in the plates and upon which the cam is eccentrically pivoted, the gripping jaw"having a cam face presented to the cam.

{3. In a wrench ahead having a seat, a empp mounting in the head and swinging through the seat, a clampingjaw pivoted to the outer end of the gripping jaw at one side of the jaw having a pivoted and sliding- .pirot, whereby said gripping jaw a head, a stop on the gripping jaw engagingthe head, a spring carried by. the head and engaged with the gripping jaw for holding the stop in en agement with the head, means for displacing the gripping jaw against the tension of said spring and in an arc relatively of the seat as well as relatix-ely of its may undergo a limited circumferential as well as transverse movement relatively of the article gripped, and a handle for actuating said last named means.

9. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a gripping jaw pivoted to the head and s\\"ingin; relatively of said head, a clamping jaw pivoted outwardiy of the gripping jaw, fingers in integral relation to the clainpingjaw for swinging the latter, means carried by the head for fastening the clamp ing jaw in its closed position, and means in the head for swinging the gripping jaw into gripping relation to the clamping jaw.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature JOSEPH W. KAOUGH. 

